1: J Bone Joint Surg Am  1988 Aug;70(7):967-76 Triplane fracture of the distal tibial epiphysis. Long-term follow-up.Ertl JP, Barrack RL, Alexander AH, VanBuecken K.Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Naval Hospital, Oakland, California94627-5000.The cases of twenty-three patients in whom a triplane fracture had been treatedat the Naval Hospital, Oakland, California, between 1974 and 1985, werereviewed. The anatomical configuration of the fracture was confirmed in fifteenpatients. Eleven of the fifteen patients had a three-fragment fracture. Plainradiographs alone did not accurately demonstrate the configuration of thefracture. Twenty patients were asymptomatic when they were evaluated eighteen tothirty-six months after the injury, but only eight of fifteen patients wereasymptomatic when they were evaluated thirty-eight months to thirteen yearsafter the fracture. Residual displacement of two millimeters or more afterreduction was associated with a less than optimum result unless the epiphysealfracture was outside the primary weight-bearing area of the ankle.PMID: 3403587 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]